Decaffeinated coffee may improve memory

Decaffeinated coffee – Decaffeinated coffee may be good for memory. This was revealed by the researchers are of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York, who found that decaffeinated coffee has the ability to improve the energy metabolism of the brain associated with type 2 diabetes, actor, and risk for dementia due to different neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease.

In fact, thanks to a new study published in the journal Nutritional Neuroscience, a group of scientists headed by Giulio Maria Pasinetti, Professor of Neurology and Psychiatry at Mount Sinai, was able to find out if the addition to the diet of a solution standardized decaffeinated coffee, before the onset of diabetes, could improve insulin resistance in mice with type 2 diabetes.

These experts, therefore, have given the coffee for 5 months to rats and evaluated the genetic response in the brains of animals, thus reaching the conclusion that the brain could metabolize glucose more efficiently and use it to produce cellular energy.

Your use of the glucose, is reduced in people with type 2 diabetes, causing therefore, very often, neurocognitive problems.

More intelligent children if they receive cuddles from Mom

Intelligence testing for children – According to a recent American study as are the loving care received by the child, the greater the possibility that they may develop qualities of intelligence.

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine, with one study examined the relationships between a group of children aged between 3 and 6 years, and their mothers, indicating that the most loving and not too severe to have ability to contribute to the child’s brain development, in particular, the ability to learn.

The pampering of mothers, seem to be beneficial to the hippocampus, in the case of children with childhood stress-free, grows better with the years.

Therefore, these scientists have decided to observe how the hippocampus is more developed up to 10% in people who have had a very quiet, compared to their peers who lived however, a relationship when they were little more tense with the mother.

The details of the study were published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

dietary supplements pose a risk of liver cancer

Symptoms of liver cancer – Some herbal food supplements, contain a toxic substance in excess of that, as demonstrated by some experiments made ​​on animals, would increase the cases of liver cancer. The substance in question is the alkylbenzene, already banned in the EU countries as a flavoring for food but not yet prohibited in food supplements.

The study, published in Food and Nutrition Sciences, conducted by researchers at the University of Wageningen, the Netherlands, and the University of Milan, noted therefore, that you can buy some herbal food supplements that contain this substance at levels similar to cancer cases revealed an increase in tests on experimental animals.

During the research, these scholars have analyzed 30 compounds of dietary supplements made ​​with basil, nutmeg, cinnamon, fennel, sassafras, or calamus, their essential oils, which then use the group of compounds of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, should be note also prohibited in food supplements.

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Drug detox is a drug treatment to help addicts recover from addiction problems. It is the way that used to control the addiction of the patients and to remove the toxin inside the patients’ body. In drug detox, the medical staff will be analyzing patients to find out the symptoms of the addiction. Once they have found them, the process of removing the toxin will be commenced. After that, the patients will need to follow certain programs to gain a full recovery of addiction. In the process of recovery in drug detox, medical staff will be monitoring and supervising the patients to ensure that the recovery process is successful.

Drug detox medication is famous these days as a way of curing addiction as well as removing toxic from the addicts. This treatment can have a great impact on patient’s addiction since it is not only controlling the addiction habit, but it also cures and removes the toxins of the drugs inside the patients’ body. With friendly and convenient place of rehabilitation, drug detox medication process will be running more smoothly and the patients can quickly regain the healthy and happy life without drug addiction.

Thyroid Nodules

The thyroid nodule is the most common thyroid disease, and like all diseases of the thyroid affects more frequently in females than in males affecting approximately 6.4% of those aged between 30 and 59 years. In fact, its incidence is probably even higher (in the autopsy findings was accomplished almost 50% of cases) but not diagnosed by the absence of symptoms. Its prevalence in the general population increases progressively with age and sometimes is accompanied by an enlargement of the gland (goiter).

Goiter is often compensatory hypertrophy of the thyroid gland, particularly frequent in areas with a low content of iodine in the diet.

This is a newly-formed rounded, single or multiple (multinodular goiter), solid or cystic (sometimes mixed) that can grow a few inches sometimes causing disturbances by compression on adjacent organs.

The feedback is done by palpation and / or visually (often during a clinical examination) or ultrasound during an investigation aimed at the neck region. Many small solitary nodules are often completely asymptomatic and are diagnosed occasionally, large nodules as well as being visible (often see them for the first patient) and create an aesthetic problem, can cause problems by compression on adjacent organs such as the larynx and trachea (dysphonia, dyspnea) and esophagus (dysphagia).

The nature of thyroid nodules are benign in most cases, particularly in women, only 5-6% have an origin tumor (papillary carcinoma of the most common).

The diagnostic is intended to distinguish malignant from benign thyroid nodules, to describe its size and structure, whether it belongs to a simple or multinodular goiter, subacute or chronic thyroiditis to.

Elements of alarm are:

previous radiation to the neck
increased volume of lateral cervical lymph nodes
rapid growth
increase of consistency
compression disorders (dysphonia, dysphagia)
previous cases of thyroid cancer in the family.
Elements of tranquility are (but not absolutely exclude the need for surveys):

immediate appearance, with acute pain and tension
Concomitant relief of symptoms of hyperthyroidism (tachycardia, etc..)
Normally, the first professional to take care of the problem is the general practitioner, he will judge whether it is necessary to use the Specialist Endocrinologist.

The laboratory investigations that are both instrumental and possibly Cytomorphology.

LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS

Evaluation of thyroid function by TSH (a pituitary hormone that controls the small thyroid) and thyroid hormones (free circulating fractions) FT3, FT4. The finding of an increase in thyroid hormones (particularly dell’FT3) might lay down for a hyperfunctioning nodule (toxic adenoma), and low values ​​(FT4) with raised TSH are more typical example of a chronic autoimmune thyroiditis with hypothyroidism. In pregnancy, the stimulation by chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on the thyroid in the first few weeks can result in a slight lowering of the physiological TSH (down regulation) not to be confused with situations of hyperthyroidism.
Calcitonin: useful to identify or exclude the presence of medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Dosage antitireoglobulina antibody (TgAb) and antitireoperossidasi (TPOAb): their identification and titration helps to identify any chronic autoimmune process (Haschimoto thyroiditis).

SURVEY INSTRUMENT

Thyroid ultrasound is a very important role. Highlight the thyroid nodule, its size, its structure, and also describes the context in which the gland is located, it can also describe the presence of enlarged lymph nodes (lymph node enlargement), locoregional (neighbors).
The echo-Doppler-Article by information on the vascularity of the nodule: an intense blood flow could be suspect, but is also present in hyperfunctioning adenomas entirely benign.
The CT scan (Computerized Axial Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) are sometimes useful in analyzing the relationship of the Thyroid with neighboring organs and vascular structures as well as in the study of development in retrosternal goiters.
The thyroid scan through the study of the uptake of a radioactive isotope of iodine helps to distinguish themselves functioning nodules (lumps hot ipercaptanti) from non-functioning (cold nodules) or isocaptanti than the rest of the gland. This exam is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy.

INVESTIGATIONS Cytomorphology

The FNA is a valuable investigation in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. With a needle under ultrasound guidance and proceed to the aspiration of the nodule and the cells are removed and so ‘important that the sample (sampling) is adequate for the purposes of the cytological diagnosis. He has no contraindication in pregnancy and as a rule all palpable nodules larger than 1 cm should undergo this procedure.
Within these investigations, however, elements of alarm or concern (in a tumor) is the identification of structurally solid nodules, mixed or scintigraphic examination ipocaptanti (cold), fine-needle aspiration will identify those really dangerous, fortunately a small minority.

Treatment depends on the benign or malignant thyroid nodules, the combination of a goiter, the patient’s general medical condition, including (since often women) a possible pregnancy. A large part (up to almost 50%) of benign nodules undergoes spontaneous regression.
Benign nodules showed documented growth or aesthetic damage or compression problems can be treated by administration of levo-thyroxine (LT4): The exogenous administration of thyroid hormones suppress the pituitary secretion of TSH in fact and in many cases this leads to a significant reduction in the size of the nodule, the attempt is always made with the minimum effective dose, requires a selection of patients to rule out contraindications (eg, cardiovascular disease, age, the risk for postmenopausal osteoporosis) and usually without success does not come persisted for more than a year. While the LT4 seems useful in preventing the formation of nodules, and still further to curb its growth was not demonstrated an ability in preventing neoplastic transformation.
Cystic nodules of kindness can be safely treated with aspiration (frequently burdened by recurrence), the US-guided percutaneous alcoholics (sclerosed walls and is effective in 80-95% of cases), surgery.
Different and more complex is the attitude in cases of malignancy, which obviously takes also the biological characteristics of the tumor (histological type): surgical therapy is the first choice and go by lobectomy (partial removal), total removal of the thyroid (thyroidectomy ), making use where necessary of the radioiodine adjuvant therapy (administration of radioactive iodine, which destroys cells remaining), chemotherapy, radiation therapy.

In pregnancy, the finding of one or more thyroid nodules generates anxiety, perhaps even greater than normal and is not justified to wait for a diagnosis, because most of the surveys can also be made during the gestational period also included fine-needle aspiration, is a absolute contraindication scintigraphy. When therapy with LT4 this can be done with care to always start with suboptimal doses and increase them gradually. In the nodules may be reasonable doubt keep a close watch and postpone further evaluation and treatment options after delivery (in some cases can be justified even though treatment with LT4). Nodules whose cytology for malignancy is indicated lays surgery: the timing should take account of operational risks for mother and fetus and should be thoroughly discussed with the patient. The finding of a papillary carcinoma (most common) is not an indication of termination of pregnancy, these tumors have a slow growth and low tendency to metastasize, malignant forms are fortunately very rare. In many cases, delaying the intervention of a few months could provide easier reproductive success (reaching safe for the fetus gestational age) without affecting the viability of the mother, this is how you can easily understand the decisions that need to be extremely sensitive taken by specialist teams (endocrinologists, obstetricians, neonatologists) in each case and on which one can not generalize.

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